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The bore geometry is influenced by the bore length and depth requirements, and the bending radius for the product pipe. Consider the bore geometry for the ground profile.For pipes smaller than 8 inches use a reamer 4 inches larger than the pipe diameter for pipes 8 to 24 inches use a reamer 1.5 times the product pipe diameter and for pipe larger than 24 inches use a reamer 12 inches larger than the pipe diameter. Consider product pipe and reamer diameter requirements.Consider the minimum horizontal and vertical clearance requirements when determining the HDD alignment, including road setbacks, existing surface features, and existing underground utilities.In addition to the design requirements listed above consider the following items to help determine the most appropriate HDD design: Prepare construction plans using the information noted above including the location of any planned improvements, existing underground utility information, and right-of-way limits and property ownership. Obtain general and/or specific geotechnical information including USDA Soil Conservation Service data for the project area and possibly site-specific geotechnical sampling and analysis.ĥ.Obtain right-of-way information through survey records or other sources.Collect existing underground utility information including the horizontal location and depth of all known substructures whenever possible.Prepare or obtain a scaled mapping for the planned installation including all existing surface facilities and improvements and any indication of underground facilities or improvements.At a minimum, the design process should include the following tasks prior to preparing final plans and specifications: The HDD design process needs to be thorough. During the planning and design of the HDD crossing every effort should be made to keep the length as short as possible while meeting all of the project requirements such as depth and entry/exit pit locations. Many factors have an impact on HDD costs, but the most important is the crossing length. The planning and design of a HDD crossing should focus on meeting the requirements of the owner while keeping the project costs as low as possible.
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While Chapter 3 provides information about HDD equipment, this chapter discusses HDD design and installation. The planning, design, and construction of HDD projects requires a specialized knowledge of pipeline construction methods and HDD equipment and technology.